In mice, only the zygotes and blastomeres from 2-cell embryos are authentic totipotent stem cells (TotiSCs), capable of producing all the differentiated cells in both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues and forming an entire organism1. However, it remains challenging whether and how TotiSCs, representing the very beginning of a life, can be established in vitro in the absence of germline cells. Here, we demonstrate induction and long-term maintenance of TotiSCs from mouse pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) by a combination of three small molecules, TTNPB, 1-Azakenpaullone, and WS6. These cells, which we designated as ciTotiSCs (chemically induced totipotent stem cells), resembled mouse totipotent 2C-embryo stage cells at transcriptome, epigenome and metabolome level. In addition, ciTotiSCs exhibited bidirectional developmental potentials and were able to produce both embryonic and extraembryonic cells in vitro and in teratoma. Furthermore, following injection into 8-cell embryo, ciTotiSCs contributed to both embryonic and extraembryonic lineages with high efficiency. Our chemical approach for TotiSCs induction and maintenance provides a defined in vitro system to manipulate and understand totipotent state towards creating life from non-germline 粗翻: 在小鼠中,只有来自2细胞胚胎的受精卵和卵裂球是真正的全能干细胞(TotiSCs),能够产生胚胎和胚外组织中的所有分化细胞,并形成一个完整的有机体。 然而,代表生命起源的TotiSCs能否在没有生殖细胞的情况下在体外建立,以及如何建立,仍然是一个挑战。在这里,我们证明了通过TTNPB、1-Azakenpaullone和WS6这三个小分子的组合,小鼠多能干细胞(PSCs)诱导和长期维持TotiSCs。我们将这些细胞命名为ciTotiSCs(化学诱导全能干细胞),在转录组、表观基因组和代谢组水平上与小鼠全能2c胚胎期细胞相似。此外,ciTotiSCs具有双向发育潜力,在体外和畸胎瘤中都能产生胚胎细胞和胚外细胞。此外,在8细胞胚胎中注射后,ciTotiSCs可以高效地促进胚胎和胚外谱系的分化。我们的TotiSCs诱导和维持的化学方法提供了一个明确的体外系统,以操纵和理解创造生命的全能性状态